২৮৭

পরিচ্ছেদঃ

শিয়াবে তালিবের সময় রাসূলুল্লাহ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম কে গাছের চামড়া ও পাতা খেয়ে জীবনপাত করতে হয়েছিল:

২৮৭. সা’দ ইবনে আবু ওয়াক্কাস (রাঃ) হতে বর্ণিত। তিনি বলেন, আমি ইসলামের প্রথম ব্যক্তি, যে কাফিরদের রক্ত প্রবাহিত করেছে। আমি প্রথম ব্যক্তি, যে আল্লাহর রাস্তায় তীর নিক্ষেপ করেছে। আমরা মুহাম্মাদ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম এর সাহাবীরা এমন অবস্থায় যুদ্ধ করেছি যে, গাছের বাকল ও পাতা ছাড়া কিছুই খেতে পেতাম না। এসব খাওয়ার ফলে আমাদের মুখে ঘা হয়ে যেত। এমনকি উট ও বকরীর মলের ন্যায় চর্বিযুক্ত মল পড়ত। তা সত্ত্বেও আসাদের লোকেরা দীন সম্পর্কে আমাকে অভিযুক্ত করেছে। দীন সম্পর্কে যদি আমি অজ্ঞই হই, তবে তো আমার সকল আমলই বরবাদ হয়ে গেল।[1]

حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُجَالِدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ، عَنْ بَيَانِ بْنِ بِشْرٍ ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ سَعْدَ بْنَ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ , يَقُولُ : " إِنِّي لأَوَّلُ رَجُلٍ هَرَاقَ دَمًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ، وَإِنِّي لأَوَّلُ رَجُلٍ رَمَى بِسَهْمٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ، لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي أَغْزُو فِي الْعِصَابَةِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلاةُ وَالسَّلامِ , مَا نَأْكُلُ إِلا وَرَقَ الشَّجَرِ وَالْحُبْلَةِ , حَتَّى تَقَرَّحَتْ أَشْدَاقُنَا ، وَإِنَّ أَحَدَنَا لَيَضَعُ كَمَا تَضَعُ الشَّاةُ وَالْبَعِيرُ ، وَأَصْبَحَتْ بَنُو أَسَدٍ يَعْزُرُونِّي فِي الدِّينِ , لَقَدْ خِبْتُ وَخَسِرْتُ إِذًا وَضَلَّ عَمَلِي " .

حدثنا عمر بن اسماعيل بن مجالد بن سعيد قال حدثني ابي عن بيان بن بشر عن قيس بن ابي حازم قال سمعت سعد بن ابي وقاص يقول اني لاول رجل هراق دما في سبيل الله عز وجل واني لاول رجل رمى بسهم في سبيل الله لقد رايتني اغزو في العصابة من اصحاب محمد عليه الصلاة والسلام ما ناكل الا ورق الشجر والحبلة حتى تقرحت اشداقنا وان احدنا ليضع كما تضع الشاة والبعير واصبحت بنو اسد يعزروني في الدين لقد خبت وخسرت اذا وضل عملي


Sa'd bin Abi Waqqias Radiyallahu 'Anhu reports that from the ummah of Muhammad Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam I was the first to take the the blood of a non-believer, and I was the first to shoot an arrow in the path of Allah.We (the group of Sahaabah in the early period of Islaam) went for jihaad in such a state, where we had nothing to eat. We ate the leaves of tree and pods
of the acacia tree. As a result our jaw became ulcerous and wounded, and because of the leaves our excreta was like that of sheep and camel. After that too the people of Banu Asad threatend
me. If the status of my ignorance in the deen is such as these people claim, then this world and the hereafter is lost. (The days in this world have been spent in poverty and difficulty, and the state of the deen is this that I do not have knowledge of salaah too).

ইমাম তিরমিযী (রহঃ) এর এ হাদীস বর্ণনার উদ্দেশ্য হলো, ইসলামের প্রথম যুগের মুসলিমদের চেষ্টা এবং কষ্ট-ক্লেশের কথা বর্ণনা করা। তাই তিনি হাদীসটি সংক্ষেপে বর্ণনা করেছেন।


In this hadith Imaam Tirmidhi only wishes to describe the poverty and difficulties. Therefore this hadith has been shortend to show that due to the poverty and hardship the mujahideen did not even get food. This Muslim army ate leaves from the tree and made jihaad. In this hadith Sa'ad Radiyallahu 'Anhu mentioned his good deeds, dedication, and his being from among those veteran Muslims who accepted Islaam in its early stages. The reason for this is that during the reign of 'Umar Radiyallahu 'Anhu, he was amir of Kufah. Some residents of Kufah made many complaints against him to 'Umar Radiyallahu 'Anhu. They even complained that he did not perform salaah properly. 'Umar Radiyallahu 'Anhu sent for him. After calling him he said to him: 'The people are lodging many complaints against you. They are even complaining of your salaah'. In reply to that while stating his innocence, he mentioned his being from among the old Muslims, his sufferings in the path of Islaam etc. He said: 'These people threaten me on my salaah. I perform salaah in the same manner I have seen Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam perform it, and I am not lax in the least'. Upon that 'Umar Radiyallahu 'Anhu sent two people with him to Kufah, that they go around and investigate the matter. They did not leave out a single masjid of Kufah wherein they did not go and interview the musallis (worshippers). All praised Sa'ad Radiyallahu 'Anhu, but one person said: 'When you are asking to swear an oath and speak the truth, I shall say the facts to you, that Sa'ad Radiyallhu 'Anhu does not participate in jihaad, as if he is in love with his life. The second is that he does not distribute the wealth equally, and is not just in his verdicts'. Sa'ad Radiyallahu 'Anhu said: He has made three complaints, therefore I shall make three curses upon him. 'O Allah, if this person is a liar, and he has lifted his head for the sake of fame and to show the world, that by criticising a leader, fame is gained, then suitable to every false criticisim, lengthen his life, increase in his poverty, and entangle him in mischiefs'. Thereafter, an eye witness reports that, I saw that person, due to old age his eye lids drooped, he fell into poverty, and molested girls in the streets and alleys. When someone asked him, what had happened to you, he used to reply: 'The curse of Sa'd (Radiyallahu 'Anhu) has befallen me'.O Allah, we seek protection from Your anger, the anger of Your Rasul, and the anger of Your pious servants. Sa'd Radiyallahu 'Anhu has drawn attention to three things in this hadith. (a). That he was the first to shed the blood of a non-believer. This incident took place before the hijrah. The people were suffering hardships and were troubled in Makkah. They hid from the non-believers and performed their salaah and other devotions. Once, a few persons, among whom was also Sa'd Radiyallahu 'Anhu, were performing salaah in a valley. Suddenly a group of non-believers appeared there. They tormented the Muslims and began fighting with thern. Sa'd Radiyallahu 'Anhu picked up a jawbone of a camel that was lying there and threw it onto one of the non-believers, as a result blood began to flow. This is what is meant by shedding the blood of the non-believers. (b). That he was the first to shoot an arrow in the path of Allah. This incident took place in the first year hijri. This was the first sariyyah (expedition) that Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam sent to Raabigh under the command of 'Ubaydah bin Haarith Radiyallahu 'Anhu. A battle took place against the non-believers, and arrows were shot from both sides. From the side of the Muslims Sa'd Radiyallahu 'Anhu was the first to shoot an arrow. (c). The third is of eating leaves in jihaad. This incident was during the Sariyyah of Khabt,`which according to different sources took place in the fifth year hijri. This incident in brief is that Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam sent a group of three hundred Muhaajireen and Ansaar under the command' of 'Ubaydah ibnul Jarraah Radiyallahu 'Anhu to a place on the coast, which was a distance of about five days journey from Madinah Munawwarah, against the tribe of Juhaynah. In the beginning three camels were slaughtered daily. When the amir forbade the slaughtering of camels fearing these would decrease, dates were distributed. These also decreased till everyone received only one date daily. They kept on sucking it and drank water. When this too became scarce, the time came when leaves had to be shaken off trees and eaten. The meaning of khabt is to shake off leaves, therefore this sariyyah became well known as the Sariyyah of Khabt. The beginning of this incident was difficult and full of obstacles, and the end that of pleasantness, which could be read in the books on the history of Islaam. It has been briefly mentioned by this humble servant in the third chapter of my book 'Stories of the Sahaabah'.


হাদিসের মানঃ সহিহ (Sahih)
পুনঃনিরীক্ষণঃ
সহীহ শামায়েলে তিরমিযী
৫২. রাসূলুল্লাহ (ﷺ) এর জীবিকা (باب ما جاء فى عيش رسول الله ﷺ)