১৬

পরিচ্ছেদঃ

সালমান ফারসি (রাঃ) মোহরে নবুওয়াত দেখে ঈমান এনেছিলেন:

১৬. আবু বুরায়দা (রাঃ) হতে বর্ণিত। তিনি বলেন, রাসূলুল্লাহ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম এর মদিনায় হিজরতের পর একবার সালমান ফারসী (রাঃ) একটি পাত্রে কিছু কাঁচা খেজুর নিয়ে এলেন এবং তিনি তা রাসূলুল্লাহ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম এর সামনে রাখলেন। রাসূলুল্লাহ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম বললেন, হে সালমান! এগুলো কিসের খেজুর? (অর্থাৎ হাদিয়া না সাদাকা?) তিনি বললেন, এগুলো আপনার ও আপনার সার্থীদের জন্য সাদাকা। রাসূলুল্লাহ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম বললেন, এগুলো তুলে নাও। আমরা সাদাকা খাই না।

বর্ণনাকারী বলেন, অতঃপর তিনি তা তুলে নিলেন। পরের দিন তিনি অনুরূপ খেজুর নিয়ে আসলেন এবং রাসূলুল্লাহ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম এর সামনে পেশ করেন। তখন তিনি বললেন, সালমান! এসব কিসের খেজুর? সালমান (রাঃ) বললেন, আপনার জন্য হাদিয়া। তখন রাসূলুল্লাহ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম তাঁর সাহাবীগণকে বললেন, তোমরা হস্ত প্রসারিত করো (হাদিয়া গ্রহণ করো)। এরপর সালমান (রাঃ) রাসূলুল্লাহ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম এর পৃষ্ঠদেশে মোহরে নবুওয়াত দেখতে পেলেন; অতঃপর ঈমান আনলেন।

(বর্ণনাকারী বলেন) সালমান (রাঃ) জনৈক ইয়াহুদির গোলাম ছিলেন। রাসূলুল্লাহ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম তাকে এত এত দিরহামের বিনিময়ে এবং এ শর্তে খরিদ করেন যে, সালমান তাঁর ইয়াহুদি মনিবের জন্য একটি খেজুর বাগান করে দেবে এবং তাতে ফল আসা পর্যন্ত তত্ত্বাবধান করতে থাকবে। রাসূলুল্লাহ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম তাঁর নিজ হাতে একটি চারা ছাড়া সবগুলো রোপণ করলেন এবং একটি চারা গাছ ওমর (রাঃ) রোপণ করেছিলেন। সে বছরই সকল গাছেই খেজুর আসল কিন্তু একটি গাছে খেজুর আসল না। তখন রাসূলুল্লাহ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম বললেন, এ গাছটির এ অবস্থা কেন? উমার (রাঃ) বললেন, হে আল্লাহর রাসূল! আমি এটি রোপণ করেছিলাম। তখন রাসূলুল্লাহ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম ঐ চারাটি উপড়িয়ে আবার রোপণ করলেন। ফলে সে বছরই তাতে খেজুর আসল।[1]

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَمَّارٍ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ الْخُزَاعِيُّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بُرَيْدَةَ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أَبِي بُرَيْدَةَ ، يَقُولُ : جَاءَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , حِينَ قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ بِمَائِدَةٍ عَلَيْهَا رُطَبٌ , فَوَضَعَهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : " يَا سَلْمَانُ مَا هَذَا ؟ " فَقَالَ : صَدَقَةٌ عَلَيْكَ , وَعَلَى أَصْحَابِكَ ، فَقَالَ : " ارْفَعْهَا ، فَإِنَّا لا نَأْكُلُ الصَّدَقَةَ " ، قَالَ : فَرَفَعَهَا ، فَجَاءَ الْغَدَ بِمِثْلِهِ ، فَوَضَعَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : " مَا هَذَا يَا سَلْمَانُ ؟ " فَقَالَ : هَدِيَّةٌ لَكَ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لأَصْحَابِهِ : " ابْسُطُوا " ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْخَاتَمِ عَلَى ظَهْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , فَآمَنَ بِهِ ، وَكَانَ لِلْيَهُودِ فَاشْتَرَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , بِكَذَا وَكَذَا دِرْهَمًا عَلَى أَنْ يَغْرِسَ لَهُمْ نَخْلا ، فَيَعْمَلَ سَلْمَانُ فِيهِ ، حَتَّى تُطْعِمَ ، فَغَرَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , النَّخلَ إِلا نَخْلَةً وَاحِدَةً ، غَرَسَهَا عُمَرُ فَحَمَلَتِ النَّخْلُ مِنْ عَامِهَا ، وَلَمْ تَحْمِلْ نَخْلَةٌ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَا شَأْنُ هَذِهِ النَّخْلَةِ ؟ " فَقَالَ عُمَرُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَنَا غَرَسْتُهَا ، فَنَزَعَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَغَرَسَهَا فَحَمَلَتْ مِنْ عَامِهَا .

حدثنا ابو عمار الحسين بن حريث الخزاعي قال حدثنا علي بن حسين بن واقد حدثني ابي قال حدثني عبد الله بن بريدة قال سمعت ابي بريدة يقول جاء سلمان الفارسي الى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم حين قدم المدينة بماىدة عليها رطب فوضعها بين يدي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال يا سلمان ما هذا فقال صدقة عليك وعلى اصحابك فقال ارفعها فانا لا ناكل الصدقة قال فرفعها فجاء الغد بمثله فوضعه بين يدي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال ما هذا يا سلمان فقال هدية لك فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لاصحابه ابسطوا ثم نظر الى الخاتم على ظهر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فامن به وكان لليهود فاشتراه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بكذا وكذا درهما على ان يغرس لهم نخلا فيعمل سلمان فيه حتى تطعم فغرس رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم النخل الا نخلة واحدة غرسها عمر فحملت النخل من عامها ولم تحمل نخلة فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ما شان هذه النخلة فقال عمر يا رسول الله انا غرستها فنزعها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فغرسها فحملت من عامها


Buraydah bin Radiyallahu 'Anhu reports: "when Rasulalullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam came to Medinah, Salmaan Faarisi Radiyallahu 'Anhu brought a tray which had fresh dates on it, and presented it to Rasulullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam, who asked: "O Salmaan, what dates are
these?" He replied: "This is sadaqah for you and your companions"
Rasulullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam replied: "We do not eat Sadaqah. Remove it from me." ( The 'ulama differ in their opinions as to the meaning of the word "we". Some say it is Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam himself, and the plural is used as a mark of respect. Others explain that it is the ambiyaa (prophets). According to some it is Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam and his relatives, for whome it is not permissible to
accept zakaah. According to this humble servant the third ihtimaal (supposition) is superior and more acceptable. Allaamah Munaawi's criticism of the third explanationis not forceful and weighty). On the next day this happened again. Salmaan Radiyallahu 'Anhu brought a tray of fresh dates, and in reply to the question of Rasullullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam, he replied: "O messenger of Allah, it is a present for you". Rasullullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam said to the Sahaabah Radiyallahu 'Anhum "Help
yourselves". He then saw the seal of Prophethood on the back of Sayyidina Rasullullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam and embraced Islam. (At that time Sayyidina Salmaan Radiyallahu 'Anhu was a slave of a Jew from the tribe of Banu Qurayzah.

Rasullullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam purchased him(this is figureatively speaking. The fact is that Rasullullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam made him a Mukaatab - One whoi buys One's freedom for anm agreed sum.) and paid Dirhams for him to become a Mukaatab, and also agreed that he(Sayyidina Salmaan Radiyallahu 'Anhu should plant for the Jew date palms,(the amount of three hundred palms) and until these bore fruit to tend them. Rasullullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam planted the palms with his mubaarak hands and it was his mu'jizah(miracle) that all the palms bore fruit in the same year.
One tree among these did not bear fruit. Upon investigating it was found that Umar Radiyallahu 'Anhu had planted this tree, and that it was not planted by Rasullullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam. Rasullullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam removed this palm and replanted it. Another mu'jizah Rasullullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam is that he planted the palms out of season and they bore fruit the same year.

أنا لا نأكل الصدقة আমরা সাদাকা ভক্ষণ করি না এ বাক্যের মধ্যে আমরা দ্বারা রাসূলুল্লাহ (সাঃ) এবং তাঁর ঐ সমস্ত আত্মীয়-স্বজনকে বুঝানো হয়েছে, যাদের জন্য সাদাকা খাওয়া হারাম।


The Ulama have made thorough research on this Hadith. For example Sayyidina Salmaan Radiyallahu 'Anhu was a slave, was his sadaqah and hadiyyah(gift) permissible or not? Also what was the difference between Hadiyyah and Sadaqah etcetra? Due to the discussion being lengthy, it has been ommited to keep the subject short. From this hidith we learn some of the special habits Sayyidina Rasullullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam, that he included the servants and those present, in the gifts he received. This was one of the special habits of Sayyidina Rasullullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam. There are thousands of similar instances mentioned in the ahadith. In this hadith Sayyidina Rasullullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam also enjoined us to share presents. Those who are present should also be included. According to the Muhadditheen there is a variation in the words of this hadith and that this hadith is weak, but according to the subject matter, the incidence strengthen it. What type of presents are meant and what is meant by those that are sitting together? (near). These need an explanation. Mullah Ali Qaari writes that person brought a present to a pious Shaykh of that time. A person sitting in his assembly said : "Presents are shared". The Shaykh replied :"We do not make shirk(ascribe partners onto Allah) and believe in one creator. All these(presents) are for you". The presents were so many that that person could not carry all of them. The Shaykh instructed his servant to deliver it to that persons home. In the same manner, this happended in the assembly of Imam Abu Yusuf Rahmatullahi alayih. A person presented him a monetary gift. One from among those present said "Presents are shared". The Imam replied that those are special types of presents and instructed his servant to put away the present. The Ulama say that both instances are correct and well balanced. What the pious Suffi did was proper and befitting, and what the Fakih(Jurist) did was also proper and befitting, and this is true. Imam Abu Yusuf Rahmatullahi alayih was a celebrated and famous Imam. If he did not do as he had done, it might have become Shar'Ee Mas-alah that presents should be shared, and this would have made it difficult for the Umma. Shah Waliyullah Dehlawy wrote in one of his kitabs "Dreams and Glad Tiding". Many admirable incidence, one of which is his Father. He wrote :"In my young days I loved to fast. After seeing all the different opinions of the Ulama, I began hesitating to fast. I saw Sayyidina Rasullullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam in my dream in which he gave me a loaf of bread. Sayyidina Abubaker Siddique Radiyallahu 'Anhu was also sitting there and said "Presents are shared". I presented thje bread to him and he ate a piece from it. There after Sayyidina Umar Radiyallahu 'Anhu said "Presents are shared" I presented the bread to him also, and he took a piece from it. Sayyidina Uthmaan Radiyallahu 'Anhu then also said : "Presents are shared". I then said "If all of you will devide this bread amongst yourselves only, what will be left for me?". Sayyidina Salman Faarisi Radiyallahu 'Anhu is from among the grear Sahaabah. It is stated in the Hadith that when this Aayah was revealed :"If you turn away, He will substitute another
people instead of you."

O ' Messenger of Allah, who are those people who will take our place?" Sayyidina Rasulullah (Sallallhu alaihe wasallam) then patted Sayyidina Salmaan (radiallahu anhu) on his back and said: "I swear by the Name of the Being in Whose Hands lie my life, if Imaan was suspended on Thurayya (Pleiades),the people of Faaris would have taken it from there also." The ulama have written that this was a glad tiding in favour of Imaam Abu Hanifa (rahmatullahi alaihe). Sayyidina Salaam (radiallahu anhu) stated in detail how he had accepted Islam (Imaan). This detail is given in the books of hadith. Therein are mentioned the signs which prompted Sayyidina Salmaan (radiallahu anhu) to investigate Islam. Sayyidina Salmaan (radiallahu anhu) says that he was a resident in the province of Asbahaan, at a place called Jay. Sayyidina Salmaan narrates: "My father was a headman and a leader of the locality. He loved me very much. I tried very hard to become a success in my old religion of Zorastrianism (fire worship), and thus became a caretaker of the temple. Once my father sent me on an errand for him. On the way I passed a Christian church. I went inside, and saw the Christians praying there. I liked what I saw there. I was attracted to this religion and remained in the Church till the evening. I enquired from Christians them where their headquarters were? They replied that it was in Shaam (Syria). When I returned home in the evening, my family asked where I had been the whole day. I related to them what had happened. My father said: "That religion is not good. Your religion and the religion of your forefathers is the best." I replied : "Never, that religion (Christianity ) is the best." My father, fearing that I would leave home, fastened a chain to my leg and locked me up in the house. I sent a message to the Christians that when the merchants from Shaam, who often came to trade, arrived, I should be informed. When the merchants arrived, they sent a message to me. At the time of their departure I cut loose the chains, ran away and joined the caravan to Shaam. When I reached Shaam I enquired who was the best and most learned in this religion of Christianity. The people directed me to bishop. I went to him and informed him that I would like to become a Christian and stay in his company. He agreed. I began living with him but found him to be dishonest. He persuaded the people to give charity (tithe) and whatever he collected, he put into his personal treasure. He did not give the poor anything. After his death, another bishop was appointed in his place. He was a pious man, and did not care for material things. I began living with him and started to love him. When his end came near I asked him, who should I go to after his death. He replied that there was only one person in this world following the same path, and there was no one else besides him. He said: He lives in Mosul and you must go to him. After the bishop's death I went to the person in Mosul and related my story to him. He allowed me to stay in his service. He was a very good person. When his end came near I asked him that after his death, who should I go to? He replied that I should go to a person in Naseebayn. After his death I went to Naseebayn. Where I related my story to the resident bishop who agreed to keep me in his service. He was a good man. Again, when his end came near, I asked him the same question. He replied that I should go to a certain place in Ghamurya. I went to Ghamurya and began living with the bishop there. Here I worked and learned too. As a result I owned some cattle and sheep. When the Bishop of Ghamurya's end came near, I asked: "Now what should I do?" He took an oath and said: "There is no learned person anymore who follows our path. The time has come near when the last of all Prophets will appear, who will follow the religion of Ibrahim (Alaihis salaam). He will be born in ` Arabia '. He will migrate to such a place where many dates grow and on both sides of this place the soil is stony. The Prophet will accept gifts, but will not eat from Sadaqah. The Seal of Prophethood will be between his two shoulders. (This is the sign of Prophethood and for this reason Sayyidina Salmaan radiallahu anhu looked for the seal). If you can go to this place, try to do so." After the bishop's death a few traders from the tribe of Banu Kalb passed Ghamurya. I said to them:"If you take me with you to Arabia, I will give you in return these cattle and sheep". They accepted and brought me to Wadi al Qura (Mecca Mukarramah). I gave them the cattle and sheep but they oppressed me. They said I was a slave and sold me. A jew from the tribe of Banu Qurayzah bought me and took me to Madinah. I recognised the signs that the bishop of Ghamurya had explained to me. I said to myself, ` This is that place'. I lived there till Sayyidina Rasulullah (Sallallahu alaihe wasallam) migrated from Mecca Mukarramah to Madinah Munawwarah. Sayyidina Rasulullah (Sallallahu alaihe wasallam) was in Quba at that time. When I heard of of Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu alaihe wasallam, whatever I owned I took with and presented it to him and said: "This is from Sadaqah." Sayyidina Rasulullah (Sallallahu alaihe wasallam) did not partake any of it. I said to myself that one sign has been fulfilled and I returned to Madinah and collected a few things. In the meantime Sayyidina Rasulullah (Sallallahu alaihe wasallam) came to live in Madinah. I presented somethings (dates, food etc) and said: "This a gift." Sayyidina Rasulullah (Sallallahu alaihe wasallam) accepted the gift, I said to myself that the second sign has also been fulfilled. Thereafter I attended his noble assembly. Sayyidina Rasulallah (Sallallahu alaihe wasallam) was at the Baqi (attending a Sahabi's funeral). I greeted him and made an attempt to look at his back. Sayyidina Rasulallah (Sallallahu alaihe wasallam) understood what I was doing and lifted his sheet. I saw the Seal of the Prophet and in zeal bowed towards it. I kissed it and cried. Sayyidina Rasulullah (Sallallahu alaihe wasallam) said:"Come in front of me." I came before him and related the whole story. After that I continued serving my Jewish master in slavery . Once Sayyidina Rasulullah (Sallallahu alaihe wasallam) said:"Make an agreement with your master to make you a mukaatab (one who purchases his own freedom) ." I made an agreement with my master he made two conditions. The first was that I should pay forty uqqiyyah cash in gold. (One uqqiyyah is forty dirhams and a dirham is 3 to 4 maashaa, 3g to 4g). The second condition was that I should plant 300 date palms and tend them till they bear fruit. Sayyidina Rasulullah (Sallallahu alaihe wasallam) planted the date palms with his own hands (as is mentioned above ). It happened that some gold arrived from somewhere for Sayyidina Rasulullah (Sallallahu alaihe wasallam). He gave this to Sayyidina Salmaan (radiallahu anhu) and told him to go and pay it his master. Sayyidina Salmaan (radiallahu anhu) asked:" Will this gold be enough as the amount is much more."Sayyidina Rasulullah (Sallallahu alaihe wasallam) replied:"It will not be surprising if Allah Ta'aala fulfils the need with this gold."I took the gold and weighing it paid the amount of forty uqqiyyah. (Jamul Fawaaid)

From this incident it is evident that Sayyidina Rasulullah (Sallallahu alaihe wasallam) buying Sayyidina Salmaan (radiallahu anhu) over from slavery meant he had paid the money so that Sayyidina Salmaan (radiallahu anhu) could a makaatab. Sayyidina Rasulullah (Sallallhu alaihe wasallam) planted the palms with his own hands and gave the gold that was stipulated in the agreement. Sayyidina Salmaan (radiallahu anhu) says:"I was a slave of ten different people. In the Battle of Khandaq, a trench was dug according to his advice, otherwise there was no knowledge of digging trenches.


হাদিসের মানঃ সহিহ (Sahih)
পুনঃনিরীক্ষণঃ
সহীহ শামায়েলে তিরমিযী
২ রাসুলুল্লাহ (ﷺ) এর মোহরে নবুওয়াত (باب ما جاء في خاتم النبوة)